A geographically referenced document designates permissible land uses and development standards within a specific municipality. It delineates areas for residential, commercial, industrial, agricultural, and other activities, typically illustrated through color-coded districts on a map. For example, specific areas might be zoned for single-family homes, retail businesses, or manufacturing facilities, each governed by distinct building codes and operational regulations.
Such a document is a critical tool for urban planning and development. It provides transparency and predictability for property owners, developers, and residents regarding future land use. It also helps to manage growth, protect property values, and ensure compatibility between different land uses. Historically, these documents have evolved from simple land-use designations to complex systems that address environmental concerns, infrastructure capacity, and community aesthetics.